The short answer
Insulate Exposed Pipes
Start by wrapping any pipes that are in unheated spaces, such as attics, crawl spaces, and garages. Use foam pipe insulation or heat tape, and make sure every joint and bend is covered. Pay special attention to pipes along exterior walls, where cold air can reach them more easily.
Also, seal any gaps or cracks in the walls, floors, and foundation where cold air can seep in. Caulk around pipe entry points and use weatherstripping on doors and windows. A little preparation before a cold snap goes a long way.
- Wrap pipes in foam insulation or heat tape.
- Seal gaps around pipes with caulk or spray foam.
- Cover outdoor spigots with insulated covers.
- Keep garage doors closed to protect exposed pipes.
- Open cabinet doors under sinks to let warm air circulate.
Keep Water Moving
When temperatures drop below freezing, let a faucet drip slowly. A steady trickle of water keeps it moving and reduces the chance of ice forming. You can do this for multiple faucets, especially those on exterior walls or in the farthest corners of your home.
The drip also relieves pressure in the pipes, which helps prevent bursts if ice does form. You do not need a strong stream; a thin trickle is enough. If you are away, consider turning off the main water valve and draining the system, but only if you know how to do it safely.
Maintain Warmth Inside
Keep your thermostat set to the same temperature day and night during a cold snap. Lowering the heat while you are away can let pipes freeze. If you are leaving for an extended period, set the thermostat no lower than 55 degrees Fahrenheit, and check that the heating system is working.
Also, open cabinet doors under sinks to allow warm air to reach the pipes. Move furniture and rugs away from baseboards so warm air can flow. If you have a crawl space or a utility room, keep it heated or at least above freezing. Consider using a space heater in very cold areas, but keep it away from anything flammable.
Know Your Shutoff Valve
Find your main water shutoff valve before a freeze happens. It is often near the water meter or where the main line enters the house. Mark it clearly and make sure everyone in the household knows where it is. If a pipe bursts, turning off the water quickly can limit damage.
Keep the location written down and accessible. Also, learn how to drain the system if you need to. You can practice by turning off the valve and opening the lowest faucet to release water. This knowledge can save you from a major mess.
Thaw Frozen Pipes Safely
If a pipe freezes, do not use an open flame to thaw it. Instead, use a hair dryer, heat lamp, or electric heating pad. Start from the faucet end and work toward the frozen section. Keep the faucet open so melting water can flow out. Never use a propane heater or blowtorch, as they can start a fire.
If you cannot thaw the pipe or if it bursts, shut off the main valve and call the pros. They have the tools to locate the freeze and assess the damage. In the meantime, clean up any water quickly to prevent secondary water damage. If you notice a leak, turn off the water and seek help.
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Call Now (817) 799-6732Frequently asked questions
At what temperature do pipes freeze?
Pipes can freeze when the temperature drops to 20 degrees Fahrenheit or below, especially if there is no insulation or heat. However, wind chill and drafts can cause freezing at slightly higher temperatures. Keep your home heated and let faucets drip when the forecast is near freezing.
Should I let all faucets drip?
You do not need to drip every faucet, but choose the ones farthest from the main line and those on exterior walls. A slow trickle is enough. If you have multiple bathrooms, drip one faucet in each to keep water moving through the main branches.
What should I do if a pipe bursts?
Shut off the main water valve immediately. Then turn on all cold water faucets to drain the system. Clean up any standing water right away to prevent damage. If the water is deep or the burst is severe, call the pros to handle the extraction and drying.